Judith Thomsons Responsibility Argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Judith Thomsons Responsibility Argument - Essay Example That is why in the course of the years, both sides of the discussion tried to come up with convincing argument. This paper ill describe and then critically analyze one of the ideas that was developed by Judith Thomson who supports abortion. In the course of the defense, the author comes up with several analogies which are supposed to be projected on the issue of abortion and convince the people that the latter is permissible. One of such analogues deals with the imaginary people-seeds. According to the author, there is world where the latter are floating in the air freely and are able to root in one’s furniture. One is able to take special precautions not to let them happen by installing special screens that would keep this pollen away. However, just like any material object, the screens might be defective and people-seeds might eventually end up in the house and root in the furniture. There is no doubt that the parallel between this thought experiment and conception is straightforward. The author goes further, claiming that there are certain rights that can be identified in this situation. First of all, the people-seeds do not have a legitimate right to dwell in the apartment of the person. The latter does not want to have children and the fact that the seeds were able to get it is nothing, but a coincidence. In addition to that, this person has an absolute right to get rid of the people-seeds since the latter are not welcome in the house. As one can clearly see this is a clear allusion to abortion. What is more important is that one can also name several duties that people have with regard to the question above. First of all, it is their duty to use means of protection that are available, primarily the above mentioned screens. The author suggests that there might be more extreme ways to make sure that people-seeds would not take a root as getting rid of all the furniture in the house (perform hysterectomy) or seal all doors and windows (never

Newspaper and Credibility Essay Example for Free

Newspaper and Credibility Essay In logic and rhetoric, a fallacy is usually an improper argumentation in reasoning often resulting in a misconception or presumption. Literally, a fallacy is an error in reasoning that renders an argument logically invalid It is important to use relevant, accurate, and reliable sources in a research paper. What do you need to consider when searching for useful sources? How do you know when sources are reliable? What are some warning signs that indicate you should avoid a particular source? If biases or fallacies are part of the source material that you want to use, how do you manage this issue? Sites which have org, . gov, .edu, as opposed to .com, are all sites that are usually credible sources. I frequent both the University of Phoenix website and Facebook. UOPs website is certainly credible vs. Facebook, not a credible site, which I mostly use to keep in touch with my family in California and Hawaii.Credibility with online sources is being a reviewed and published source, and example of a non-credible source is wikipedia because anyone can go in and change the sources of information. In order to verify the credibility of online sources, you can ask yourself the following questions. Does the author of this article have enough credentials or knowledge about this topic? Does the author subject his/her works to peer reviews? Is the information on this article updated or the latest? Does the site include information on how often the site is updated? Is a copyright date listed? Credibility doesnt matter in fiction. My space ship can fly at 1,000 times the speed of light and nobody cares. Credibility always matters in non-fiction. Even when looking for support for an opinion, it is important to consider the source. Credibility is most important if you want people to know that you are dependable and reliable and your word is good. If you say you are going to do something,they know it will be done and it is less important if you do not care what people think of you. For example:Your car is not running and buddy one says he will be over in the morning at 9 am to fix it for you and then never shows up. Buddy #2 says he will be over at 9 am and shows up at 8:30 am with tools in hand. Now which one of these two do you want to associate with? Advertising has a clear money-making agenda. But bias is prevalent in everyday situations, too. One way to better understand the difference between fact and opinion is to read the news in your local newspaper and then again in the tabloids. Watch what words are used in each one. See how many facts you can spot in each story. How do they differ? Demographic factors affect views toward advertising (Shavitt et al., 1998) as do endorser and corporate credibility (Lafferty Goldsmith, 1999) and an individual’s attitude â€Å"to a particular media product within a particular medium† (Bryant Thompson, 2002, p. 289). Attitudes toward advertising differ depending on gender, age, education, income, and ethnicity. The attitudes of males, consumers between the age of 18 and 34, consumers with less education and income, and non-Whites are generally more favorable toward advertising (Shavitt et al., 1998).The credibility of an advertiser also plays a role in how people view advertising. Any bias that a source holds may not always be directly stated; sometimes it is implied by only presenting one side or viewpoint of a topic. Some people believe that the media controls the world; I feel this claim has merit. Many people do not question information reported on the news, because what would the media gain by exaggerating a story or only presenting one side? One must keep in mind that the media is run by ratings; sensational stories make for great ratings. This is where thinking critically can be your best ally. Even a seemingly impartial source could have a hidden agenda. The vital factors that influence credibility of newspapers are the decline in newspaper sales, advertising, ownership of the newspaper agencies, and inaccuracy. The severe competition for magazine sales also causes magazines to exaggerate or misconstrue their stories. Other factors that can affect the credibility of magazines are the journalists. There are various genres of television programming. Television programming can vary form news to cooking shows. TV programs also exaggerate and over sensationalize their stories to grab the attention of viewers. Between television programming are advertising. In a sense, TV programs are basically a means to get people to watch commercials (Cyber College Internet Campus, 2007, paragraph 8). These factors of advertising and the competition for viewers affect the credibility of television programming. Factors that influence internet credibility are trustworthiness and expertise. Does the source have good intention? Is the source honest and unbiased? Is the author an experienced professional on the sources topic? Another factor, that influences the credibility of the internet, is that anyone can post her or his own website. They can claim that the website is trustworthy. Thus, it is vital that one evaluates the sources taken from the internet. Advertisers use various methods to persuade the public to purchase their products or services. Advertisers know how to make their products and services appealing without sufficient information. Advertising is designed to generate a need to buy certain brand-name products, which may be more expensive than lesser-known brands, while not being significantly better (Cyber College Internet Campus, 2007, paragraph 8). The fact that advertising will fallaciously depict or appeal to one emotions to sell a product is the most essential factor that affect credibility. I personally feel printed resources to be more credible. People increasingly rely on Internet and web-based information despite evidence that it is potentially inaccurate and biased. Newspapers, books, magazines, and television all undergo certain levels of factual verification, analysis of content, and editorial review, whereas Internet information is subject to no such scrutiny. Internet sites that parallel their print counterparts, such as major newspapers and periodicals, invoke the same editorial processes as their print forms, but they constitute only a small portion of the information available over the Internet. More people are turning to the internet because it is more of a convenience factor in my opinion. I stumbled across a study conducted on the credibility of printed resouces vs.online. I found it to be very interesting. Here is the link for those that are interested. http://com.miami.edu/car/miamibeach1.htm

Spending on Advancing the Arts is the Proper use of Public Resourses :: essays research papers

"As long as people in a society are hungry or out of work or lack the basic skills needed to survive, the use of public resources to support the arts is inappropriate——and, perhaps, even cruel——when one considers all the potential uses of such money." Although I understand that the mercy that the speaker shows to the people experiencing starvation and unemployment, by asserting that the government should spend more money on the jobless and hungry people rather than squandering money on arts, I have to stand out that it is unwise to exclude art from using of public resources by just considering the starvation and survival problems faced by a minority of people. Admittedly, eliminating poverty is definitely deemed to be one of the ambitious missions of our society in a long run for we are not merciless humankind to witness so many people struggling with the housing problem and starvation. However, if a country ties up all its capital in solving starvation and unemployment problems and has little incentive to invest in art industry, with considering art as unnecessary luxuries, I would rather put it under the label of a refugee camp instead of a country. Every country has its own traditional culture. The essence of traditional art is to illustrate the national culture to the people all over the world in its unique artistic way. Why do we human beings distinct from other creatures in the world? We will never be satisfied with only enough food and safe shelter but starve for art which illuminates our life in the darkness and frustration. It is we humans who have a heart opens and seeks for arts forever. We know how to appreciate art and we dese rve this. Take Van Gogh as an example, he would rather quiet his stomach with painting than go out and find something to eat. He couldn’t live without his painting while he endured hungriness. Therefore we should be determined to foster the development of art for the majority in the society is waiting to enjoy life in ideological field aside from satisfied life necessities. We feel more fulfilled when we get something to communicate with our heart. We hear the echo of our heart. In the second place, is art really a kind of luxury and money consuming? Are the antique buyers billionaires who just interested in the antique itself? Actually not, in most of cases, it is the huge profit that drives many smart investors to heed on the antiques and cautiously pour their money in the realm of antique collectibles.

Fluid Mechanics Lab

EN 1029 Laboratory Laboratory FM Declaration: In submitting this report, I hereby declare that, except where I have made clear and full reference to the work of others, this submission, and all the material (e. g. text, pictures, diagrams) contained in it, is my own work, has not previously been submitted for assessment, and I have not knowingly allowed it to be copied by another student. In the case of group projects, the contribution of group members has been appropriately quantified. I understand that deceiving, or attempting to deceive, examiners by passing off the work of another as my own is plagiarism.I also understand that plagiarising another's work, or knowingly allowing another student to plagiarise from my work, is against University Regulations and that doing so will result in loss of marks and disciplinary proceedings. I understand and agree that the University’s plagiarism software ‘Turnitin’ may be used to check the originality of the submitted cou rsework. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Theory 2. 1 Impact of a Water Jet 2. 2 Flow Through a Venturi Meter 3. Experimental procedures and results 3. 1 Experimental procedure – Impact of a Water Jet 3. Experimental procedure – Flow through a Venturi Meter 3. 3 Results– Impact of a Water Jet 3. 4 Results– Flow through a Venturi meter 4. Discussion 4. 1 Impact of a water jet 4. 2 Venturi meter 5. Conclusion 6. References Appendices Abstract Rate of flow was measured in two different experiments, Impact of a water jet and flow through a Venturi meter. The main objective was to calculate the change in momentum and energy loss in flow which was put under pressure. The experiment showed that results obtained can significantly defer from the theory if energy losses are not neglected. 1.Introduction Water is the most commonly used resource of renewable energy. In 21st century, hydropower is used in more than 150 countries around the world. It is also the most effici ent method of producing energy with 90% efficiency output. Impact of a Water Jet is used to show how mechanical work can be created from water flow. When a fluid is put under pressure, the pressure gives it high velocity in a jet. Jet strikes the vanes of the turbine wheel. This wheel then rotates under the impulse created by the water jet hitting the vanes. Venturi meter is used to measure discharge along a pipe.In this experiment, when pressure is dropped, there is an increase in velocity. Pressure magnitude is dependent on rate of flow, so by measuring the pressure drop, discharge can be calculated. Main objective of both experiments is to calculate rate of flow under pressure. 2. Theory 2. 1 Impact of a Water Jet From impulse-momentum change equation it can be assumed that force is generated due to the change in momentum of the water. In other words, force equals the difference between the initial and final momentum flow. Arrangement of jet impact apparatus used is given in Figu re 1 Figure 1Jet impinging on a vane is shown in Figure 2. Control volume V is used, bounded by a control surface S. The entering velocity is u1 (m/s) and it’s in the x –direction. The vane deflects water jet and the leaving velocity is u2 inclined at an angle ? 2 to the x – direction. Pressure over the surface of the jet, apart from the part where it flows over the surface of the vane is atmospheric. The change in direction is due to force generated by pressure and shear stress at the vane’s surface. The mass flow rate is . Mass flow rate is the mass of substance which passes through a given surface per unit time [kg/s].Experiment was done for flat and hemispherical vane. Figure 2 Force on the het in the direction x is FJ (N), then momentum equation in the s- direction is FJ =(u2 cos ? 2 – u1) (1) From Newton's Action- Reaction law, force F on the vane is equal and opposite to Fj F =(u1 – u2 cos ? 2 ) (2) For flat plate ? 2 = 90Â ° so cos ? 2 = 0. Therefore F =u1 (3) For the hemispherical cup, it’s assumed that ? 2 = 180Â ° so cos ? 2 = -1,so F =( u1 + u2 )(4) The effect of change of elevation on jet speed and the loss of speed due to friction over the surface of the vane is neglected.Therefore u1 = u2. So, F=2u1(5) If resistance forces are neglected, this is the maximum possible value of force on the hemispherical cup. Rate at which momentum enters the control volume, or rate of flow of momentum in the jet, is detonated by symbol J. J =u1(6) For the flat plate rate of flow of momentum in the jet is equal to the force on the vane. This is shown in equation (3). F=J(7) For the hemispherical cup, maximum possible value of the force is from equation (5) F=2J (8) If the velocity of the jet is uniform over it’s cross section it can be concluded that =? 1A (9) 2. 2 Flow Through a Venturi Meter Piezometer tubes were bored into a wall and links were made from a each of these to perpendicular manometer tubes, w hich were placed in front of a millimetre scale. Venturi meter is shown in Figure 3 Figure 3 It’s assumed that the fluid used is frictionless and incompressible, fluid flow is steady, and energy equation was derived along a stream line. Bernoulli’s theorem states that u122g+ h1 = u222g+ h2 = un22g+ hn (10) From continuity equation Q=U1A1=U2A2=UnAn(11) here Q is discharge rate( m3/s), and A is cross-sectional area of the pipe(m2) substituting for u1 gives u222ga2a12+ h1 = u222g+h2 (12) Solving equation (3) for u2 gives u2 =2g(h1-h2)1-a2a12 (13) From equation (4) Q=a22g(h1-h2)1-a2a12 (14) In previous equation it was assumed there was no energy loss in the flow and the velocity was constant. In reality, there is some energy loss and velocity is not uniform. Equation (5) is therefore corrected to Q=Ca22g(h1-h2)1-a2a12(15) Where C is the coefficient of the meter.Its value usually lies in within range 0. 92 to 0. 99. Ideal pressure distribution is given in equation (7) hn-h1 u222g=a2a12-a2an2 (16) 3. Experimental procedures and results 3. 1 Experimental procedure – Impact of a Water Jet The apparatus shown in Figure 1 was levelled and lever was balanced, with jockey weight at zero setting. Weight of the jockey was measured. Diameter of the nozzle, height of the vane above the nozzle and the distance from the pivot of the lever to the centre of the vane were recorder. Water was then released through the supply valve and flow rate increased to maximum.The force on the vane displaces the lever, which is then restored to its balanced position by sliding the jockey weight along the lever. The mass flow rate can be established by gathering of water over a timed interval. Additional readings are then taken at number of reducing flow rates. The most efficient way of reducing flow is to place jockey weight precisely at desired position, and then adjust the flow control valve to bring the lever to the balanced position. Range of settings of the jockey posi tion may be separated efficiently into uniform steps. 3. Experimental procedure – Flow through a Venturi Meter The objective of this experiment is to establish the coefficient of the meter C. Bench vale and control vale should be open so water can flow to clear air pockets from the supply system. The control valve is then progressively closed, so the meter is exposed to a steadily increasing pressure. This will cause water to pass up the tubes. When water levels have risen to a suitable height, the bench valve is slowly closed, so that, as both valves are lastly shut of, the meter is left holding static water under adequate pressure.Amounts were then recorded for values of (h1 –h2) and discharge value Q is recorded. The rate of flow is measured by gathering of water in weighing tank, whilst values of h1 and h2 were read from the scale. Similar readings may be taken at a sequence of reducing values of h1 –h2. About 6 readings, proportionately spread in the range of 250 mm to zero. By reading off from all the tubes at any of the settings used, the pressure distribution along the length of the Venturi meter may be logged. 3. 3 Results– Impact of a Water Jet Two sets of readings were taken, one for the flat plate other for the hemispherical plate.Table 1 contains readings for the flat plate and Table 2 results for the hemispherical plate. These tables can be found in Appendix 2. Mass flow is calculated by dividing the Quantity (kg) by Time (s) taken to collect water. Quantity should be converted to m3 where 1 kg water will be 1/1000 m3. e. g. If quantity is 30 kg, time taken is 52. 69 s, mass flow is 0. 569 103 x Q. Using the equation (9), u1 can be calculated. From uo2 = u12 – 2gs , uo can be deduced. For flat plate J can be calculated using equation (6). F is calculated from F X 150 = W x yData from Table 1 and 2 are plotted on a graph to give a comparison between forces and rate of momentum flow of the impact. Graph is present ed in Figure 4. Additional information are given in Apendex 2 Figure 4 (Series 1-flat plate, Series 2- hemispherical plate) 3. 4 Results– Flow through a Venturi meter Two sets of data were compared. Values shown in Table 4 are measurements of h1 and h2 at different discharges. In this part of the experiment C is assumed to be constant over a range of measurement. Closer inspection of Table 4 shows C is not constant as Q varies.Piezometer measurements are recorded in Table 5 and compared with ideal pressure distribution given In Table 3. Figure 5 Graph shown in Figure 5 gives variation of (h1 -h2)1/2 With Q. Equation of the graph line is y= 0. 581 x h1-h2=0. 581 x Qx 103 Q =5. 81 x 10-4h1-h2 (16) Substitute (16) in equation (15) to get a value of C. C= 0. 604 Figure 6 shows both ideal and set of results obtained in the experiment. Series 1 shows ideal pressure distribution, and series2 shows obtained results. Figure 6 4. Discussion 4. 1 Impact of a water jet Theory compares we ll with the experiment considering that the two lines have different gradients.In theory, gradients of lines are significantly steeper, and this might be because an error in the experiment occurred. Likely errors that might have occurred are measurements of mass of jockey weight; distance L from centre of vane to pivot of lever or diameter of water jet emerging from nozzle. If Mass of jockey was wrongly logged by 0. 001kg, Force on the vane would have 2% error. The graph that was obtained shows force on the hemisphere us less than twice the flat plate. This can be concluded from the line gradient. This implication is supported by the theory.In theory, no friction losses or any other kind of energy losses were included in equations. In the actual experiment, there were some energy losses like friction over the surface of the vane and effect of change of elevation on jet speed. It was assumed that velocity of the jet was uniform over its cross section, which would imply ideal flow. It ’s likely that this was not the case, and momentum gained by the change in velocity. 4. 2 Venturi meter Value of C determined in table A is higher than it theoretically should be. This is probably due errors that occurred in the experiment, like parallax rror. Air in pipes could have also caused an error in the experiment. Value of C obtained from Figure 5 gives a more realistic value of 0. 604. The difference between the ideal pressure results and values recorded in the experiment is acceptable considering the coefficient of the meter C that is not included in ideal pressure distribution. Flow of 1x 10-3 m3/s is expected to lie on a negative hn-h1u222g value. 5. Conclusion From both experiments it can be concluded that the flow was not ideal and there were significant energy losses that differ obtained results from theoretical results.In the impact of a water jet experiment it was proven that force on a flat plate is less than the force on the hemispherical plate. Therefore change in momentum flow was smaller. In the Venturi meter experiment it was shown that ideal pressure distribution differs from obtained results because energy losses effect the results. The errors in both experiments can affect the results significantly an lead to wrong assumptions. References Fluid Mechanics, Third Edition? JF Douglas, JM Gasiorek, JA Swafield? Longman Mechanics of Fluids? BS Massey, Van Nostrant Reinhold? Chapman & HallAppendix 1-Nomenclature Symbol| Quantity| SI units| F| Force| N| J| Rate of flow of momentum| N| u| velocity| m/s| | Mass flow rate| Kg/s| D| Diameter| m| h| height| m| A| Cross-section area| m2| ?| Angle of elevation| degrees| ?| density| Kg/m3| Appendix 2-Raw data Impact of a water jet Diameter of nozzleD= 10. 0 mm Cross sectional area of nozzle A =? D24=7. 85 x 10-5 m2 Height of vane above nozzle tips= 35 mm = 0. 035 m Distance from centre of vane to pivot of leverL= 150 mm Mass of jockey weightM= 0. 600 kg Weight of jockey weightW =Mg = 0. 600 x9. 81 =5. 89 NQuantity (kg)| T(s)| y(mm)| 103 x Q(m3/s)| U1(m/s)| U0(m/s)| J(N)| F(N)| 30| 52. 69| 65| 0. 569| 7. 25| 7. 20| 4. 13| 2. 55| 30| 57. 81| 55| 0. 519| 6. 61| 6. 56| 3. 43| 2. 16| 30| 61. 28| 45| 0. 490| 6. 24| 6. 18| 3. 06| 1. 77| 15| 22. 76| 35| 0. 659| 8. 40| 8. 36| 5. 54| 1. 37| 15| 28. 12| 25| 0. 533| 6. 80| 6. 75| 3. 62| 0. 98| 15| 37. 09| 15| 0. 404| 5. 15| 5. 08| 2. 08| 0. 59| 15| 75. 09| 5| 0. 200| 2. 54| 2. 40| 0. 51| 0. 196| Table 1 Quantity(kg)| T(s)| y(mm)| 103 x Q(m3/s)| U1(m/s)| U0(m/s)| J(N)| F(N)| 30| 52. 87| 120| 0. 567| 7. 23| 7. 18| 8. 24| 4. 71| 30| 56. 8| 105| 0. 527| 6. 72| 6. 67| 7. 08| 4. 12| 30| 60. 78| 90| 0. 494| 6. 29| 6. 24| 6. 21| 3. 53| 15| 21. 75| 75| 0. 690| 8. 79| 875| 6. 07| 2. 94| 15| 24. 60| 60| 0. 610| 7. 77| 7. 73| 9. 48| 2. 35| 15| 28. 32| 45| 0. 530| 6. 75| 6. 70| 7. 16| 1. 77| 15| 37. 32| 30| 0. 402| 5. 12| 5. 05| 4. 12| 1. 18| Table 2 Venturi Meter Piezometer Tube No. N| Diameter of cross-section(mm)| Areaa(m2)| | | | A(1)BCD(2 )EFGHJKL| 26. 0023. 2018. 4016. 0016. 8018. 4720. 1621. 8423. 5325. 2426. 00| 0. 0005310. 0004230. 0002660. 0002010. 0002220. 0002680. 0003190. 0003750. 0004350. 00050. 000531| 0. 150. 6900. 8701. 0000. 9520. 8660. 7940. 7330. 6800. 6340. 615| 0. 1430. 2260. 5721. 0000. 8230. 5630. 3970. 2880. 2140. 1610. 143| 0. 000-0. 083-0. 428-0. 857-0. 679-0. 420-0. 253-0. 145-0. 070-0. 0180. 000| Table 3 Quantity (kg)| T(s)| h1(mm)| h2(mm)| 103 x Q(m3/s)| (h1- h2)(mm)| (h1 -h2)1/2(mm)1/2| C| 12| 17. 67| 346| 20| 0. 679| 0. 326| 0. 571| 1. 236| 12| 17. 53| 346| 20| 0. 685| 0. 326| 0. 571| 1. 248| 12| 17. 60| 346| 20| 0. 682| 0. 326| 0. 571| 1. 242| 12| 20. 69| 330| 84| 0. 580| 0. 246| 0. 496| 1. 216| 12| 18. 40| 330| 84| 0. 652| 0. 246| 0. 496| 1. 367| 12| 19. 5| 330| 85| 0. 616| 0. 246| 0. 496| 1. 212| 12| 21. 36| 324| 114| 0. 562| 0. 210| 0. 458| 1. 275| 12| 20. 90| 324| 114| 0. 574| 0. 210| 0. 458| 1. 303| 12| 21. 13| 324| 114| 0. 568| 0. 210| 0. 458| 1. 289| 12| 20. 00| 336| 58| 0. 600| 0. 278| 0. 527| 1. 183| 12| 18. 31| 336| 58| 0. 655| 0. 278| 0. 527| 1. 292| 12| 19. 16| 336| 58| 0. 628| 0. 278| 0. 527| 1. 239| 6| 12. 23| 310| 176| 0. 491| 0. 134| 0. 366| 1. 395| 6| 12. 32| 310| 176| 0. 487| 0. 134| 0. 366| 1. 342| 6| 12. 28| 310| 176| 0. 489| 0. 134| 0. 366| 1. 389| 6| 17. 11| 298| 224| 0. 351| 0. 074| 0. 272| 1. 342| 6| 18. 5| 298| 224| 0. 317| 0. 074| 0. 272| 1. 212| 6| 18. 03| 298| 224| 0. 334| 0. 074| 0. 272| 1. 277| 6| 0| 296| 296| 0| 0| 0| 0| 6| 0| 296| 296| 0| 0| 0| 0| 6| 0| 296| 296| 0| 0| 0| 0| Table 4 Piezometer Tube No. | Q=0. 682 x 10-3u222g – 0. 587 m| | hn(mm)| hn – h1(m)| hn-h1u222g| A(1)| 346| 0. 000| 0| B| 328| -0. 018| -0. 0307| C| 202| -0. 144| -0. 245| D(2)| 20| -0. 326| -0. 555| E| 52| -0. 294| -0. 501| F| 142| -0. 204| -0. 348| G| 190| -0. 156| -0. 266| H| 224| -0. 122| -0. 208| J| 246| -0. 100| -0. 170| K| 264| -0. 082| -0. 140| L| 268| -0. 078| -0. 133| Table 5 Appendix C

Philip Roth- writer of Defender of the Faith Essay

Philip Milton Roth was born on March 19, 1933 in Newark, New Jersey to a lower class middle-class Jewish Family novels and made it the scenes there. There are certain stories that he wrote which talks about his family members and his own life as well. His father was an insurance of Austro-Hungarian stock. When he wrote Patrimony in 1991, he wrote this for his dad who is still in his early eighties but in that particular story he portrayed his father as an eighty-six year old who suffered from a brain tumor. He loves his family so much. And that particular novel won the National critics Circle award in 1992.(Bloom, 2003) Experience is the best teacher and those experiences should be put into words to produce one magnificent work that will mirror the past. An excerpt from one of his book says â€Å"Between first discovering the Newark Bears and the Brooklyn Dodgers at seven or eight and first looking into Conrad’s Lord Jim at age eighteen, I had done some growing up. I am only saying that my discovery of literature, and fiction particularly, and the ‘love affair’ – to some degree hopeless, but still earnest – that has ensued, derives in part from this childhood infatuation with baseball. Or, more accurately perhaps, baseball – with its lore and legends, its cultural power, its seasonal associations, its native authenticity, its simple rules and transparent strategies, its longueurs and thrills, its spaciousness, its suspensefulness, its heroics, its nuances, its lingo, its ‘characters’, its peculiarly hypnotic tedium, its mythic transformation of the immediate – was the literature of my boyhood.† (Roth in ‘My Baseball Years’, from Reading Myself and Others, 1975) Here we can say that the place he grew up and the experiences made him what he really is and clearly shows the readers what kind of childhood he has. He attended Rutgers university from 1950-51 then transferred to Bucknell university where he graduated Phi Beta Kappa and magna cum laude with a major in English in 1954. Then he studied at the University of Chicago where he receives his M.A. in English then in 1955 he joined the army but sooner discharged because of a back injury. He then continues his study at Chicago and worked there from 1955 to 1957 as an English teacher. He then dropped out from the Ph.D. program in 1959 and started to write film reviews for the New Republic. Also in that year Goodbye Columbus won the National Book Award and was made into film here it was based on a family of a middle-class Jewish which clearly shows the author’s technique that is experience based and observations about the Jewish way of living Roth is fascinated by the idea of Jews behaving badly, but for him the physical deviance is sexual. He undermines the icon of the mensch, the Jewish good-boy (buzzle.com). Portnoy’s complaint is also his work which became the number one best seller in 1969 and made a turning point in his career. Here Portnoy’s approach to hedonistic Western culture is ironic. This work of Roth for most readers finds it offensive because of the sex scenes and the presentation of Jewish Mother was criticized. (Bloom, 2003) Jewishness is Roth’s major territory in examining American culture. Roth has more ironic and characterized as â€Å"less loving† views on Jews’ life. The readers can identify the writer with the obsession on fictional characters. In his works he increasingly wrestled problems of identity. Sometimes, he views his own life as part of his fiction. In his work The Plot against America (2004) an alternate history in which the famous pilot Charles Lindberg is the 33rd president of the Fascist U.S Philip Roth is one of the characters suffering from his Jewish Background. When he experienced separation from his wife whom he got married in 1990 distinguished actress Claire Bloom, their relationship wayback 1970 was ended in 1996 and made his wife publish a book for him entitled Leaving a Doll’s House. We can see here that even his wife is using experience as a good source of thoughts and ideas in writing a book to clearly express one’s emotion and point of views.(Bloom 2003) In his work Defender of the Faith (1959) the social and critical context shows us the passion of Philip Roth for his works. Here Roth shows us two stories at the same time, first is the story of Marx’s recovery from war experiences and the other is his conflict with Grossbart. The author explores the struggle one man goes through in order to discover which value outweigh others. Marx is in a dilemma which should be first, a good sergeant, a good Jew or a good human being. As the story progresses, Roth allows us glimpses into Marx’s recovery: the parade ground at dusk evokes childhood memories that reach deep into his heart to touch him; later, he begins to send for law school catalogs and to write old girlfriends. (ftp.ccccd.edu) From here we can see points of the author about the conflict between Marx and Grossbart. Although they are both Jews, Grossbart is trying to get a special consideration and privilege. What is difficult for Marx is that Grossbart raises questions that the army at that time never considers. Like why is it that Jews don’t go worship on their Sabbath. Then Marx just realizes that Grossbart is not really a serious Jew. He just wants to manipulate the system which on the later part made Marx fight for his own sake. We can see that this work of Roth is full of complex irony. Sgt. Marx is the defender of faith which in fact should suggest a staunch religious champion, but as far as Marxs role in the story he does it so against his will and against his intention but what made him motivated is to have an equal and fair treatment to all his men and not to be partial to Jews.where unwillingly he became defender of faith to Grossbart. At the end of the story, however, when Marx has Grossbart’s orders changed to the Pacific, the irony is that he becomes most truly a defender of his faith when he seems to be turning against it. â€Å"You call this watching out for me what you did?† asks Grossbart. â€Å"No,† answers Marx. â€Å"For all of us.† The cause of the whole Jewish faith is set back when Jews like Grossbart get special favors for themselves, for other people will mistakenly attribute Grossbart’s objectionable qualities to the Jewish people as a whole. (It’s called â€Å"stereotyping.†) Thus Marx is unwillingly a â€Å"defender of the faith† when he helps his fellow Jew, yet he becomes truly a defender of the faith when he turns against him (ftp.ccccd.edu). Roth justifies his social context about Jews in this story and made many people realize what the term â€Å"Defender of the faith† really means. Works Cited Bloom, Harold â€Å"Blooms Modern Critical Views† Chelsea House Publishers, Defenders of the faith Notes: â€Å"Defender of the Faith†by Philip Roth Roth, Philip â€Å"My Baseball Years† from â€Å"Reading Myself and Others Book†, New York Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1975

European Nationalism in Africa

European Nationalism in Africa Free Online Research Papers A careful examination of Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness and Adam Hochschild’s King Leopold’s Ghost shows the fascinating ways in which fact and fiction intertwine. Hochschild describes the nature of Belgian King Leopold the II’s acquisition and enslavement of the Congo, one of the most violent examples of Colonialism. This is in turn the central theme of Heart of Darkness, as Conrad observed its effects first-hand. Just as Hothschild relates that the reign of Leopold cost the lives of millions of Congolese, so too does Conrad portray the devastation that his â€Å"Company† has created in the Congo. There are interesting similarities in the perceptions that the novelist and the historian have on the subject. Both books point to an arrogant, racially motivated air of superiority that illustrates the way that Europeans chose to advance their nationalistic colonial aims. The egotistic perspective of European colonialists is embodied by the racial prejudices they had toward the natives of the African continent. In Heart of Darkness, this sentiment is pervasive; the way in which the natives are summarily dismissed as being unworthy of consideration is complete throughout the novel. The narrator, Marlow, is shown to be more contemplative and sensitive than the rest of the Company, yet he continually shows a disregard for the lives and well being of the native people. When Marlow first reaches the Outer Station, he notices a number of natives lying among the trees, waiting to die. There is no great sense of compassion in Marlow as he describes these â€Å"black shadows of disease and starvation† (Conrad 14). In fact, all of his descriptions seem to dehumanize the people in this passage, using such descriptions as â€Å"moribund shapes,† â€Å"black shapes† and â€Å"bundles of acute angles.† These descriptions give the reader a sense of the way in which the natives are devalued by the European traders, as even the man who the reader will regard as the conscience of the novel dismisses the plight of these enslaved people. For Marlow, and in turn for all of the men of the Company, the natives become part of the background, as Marlow struggles to refute the â€Å"suspicions of their not being inhuman† (Conrad 32). The attitude toward the native Africans that pervades the European men in Heart of Darkness is also prevalent in King Leopold’s Ghost. Hochschild first draws the overlap between the fictional characters in Conrad’s fiction with real people and events, showing that the fiction accurately mirrors the historical events. Hochschild recounts the story of George Washington William, an early proponent of sovereign rights. His argument that the Congo state was guilty of â€Å"crimes against humanity† (Hochschild 112) was rebuffed by King Leopold, and his untimely death brought an end to this movement. In fact, the conceit of European colonialists led them to feel that they were actually suffering more than the enslaved natives. Hochschild gives an example of this in the form of Raoul de Premorel, who ran a Congo rubber-collecting post. In his memoirs, de Premorel describes punishing the leader of a mutiny, concluding ultimately that â€Å"sometimes I think it is I w ho have suffered most† (Hochschild 295) for having to mete out punishment against men struggling to free themselves from enslavement. In a sense, European arrogance allowed the oppressors to perceive themselves as victims. The disregard for African life was perpetuated by Imperialist greed for the natural resources of the region. Foremost among these was, at least initially, the lust for ivory. Conrad writes, â€Å"The word ivory rang in the air, was whispered, was sighed. You would think they were praying to it.† (20), Hochschild refers this notion to a historical perspective. He describes the trickery King Leopold perpetrated to gain a foothold in the Congo- the false threat of Arab slavers- that allowed him to exert his influence to harvest ivory, and later rubber. In Heart of Darkness, Kurtz becomes the evolutionary conclusion to this greed and plundering. Conrad alludes to this with the physical movement of the story, from the Outer Station to the Central Station to the Inner Station, where Kurtz is located. It is a symbolic movement as well, as the Company members espouse more genteel descriptions of their business in Africa as â€Å"trade;† this notion become harsher, more brutal as the reader travels into the Inner Station, to Kurtz’s world. Even dying, Kurtz cries out, â€Å"Oh, but I’ll wring your heart yet† (Conrad 63), suggestive of the utter completeness of the devestation of the land and people of the Congo. Kurtz embodies the core of the Belgian endeavor in Africa laid bare, a pure exploitation that doesn’t care about preservation of a people and their culture. Hochschild expresses Conrad’s rendering of the individual and cultural destruction in the Congo through a sense of the legacy of colonialism in Africa. He describes in great detail the Royal Museum of Central Africa in Brussels. However, as he writes, â€Å"in none of the museum’s twenty large exhibition galleries is there the slightest hint that millions of Congolese met unnatural deaths† (Hochschild 293). Hochschild also relates that this omission is not unique to Brussels, as other European capitals have forgotten this chapter in their history as well. Hochschild clearly illustrates the way in which European Colonialism has purposely forgotten the havoc it wrought. Hochschild also alludes to this in an alternative way, describing how Belgium went from oppressor to victim in the eyes of the world when Germany invaded them, precipitating the events of World War I. The utter arrogance and complete disregard for African life is shown in the fact that there is no acknowledgement of the devastation, in terms of human loss, on the Congo in specific or Africa as a whole. The other aspect of this legacy is the way that violence and exploitation has survived in Africa. Hochschild recounts the way in which school textbooks selectively erased the horrors of the rubber trade by omitting them from the curriculum. He also shows that western interference also prevented sovereign rule from establishing itself in the Congo, as colonial forces opposed Patrice Lumumba, the first Prime Minister after Belgium ceded control, ultimately aiding in his assassination by supporting rebel forces. Hochschild then asserts that the CIA aided in establishing the regime of Joseph Mobutu, who would not oppose the perpetuation of a colonial economy, as Lumumba did. This shows how the colonial arrogance of the west was perpetuated even after rule of the Congo was returned to Africans. There is a clear overlap in both of these books in the way the authors describe the conceit of European colonialism in Africa, both in scope and meaning of the destruction it brought to Africa. In both books, the reader gets a sense of a basis for this exploitation, which clearly stemmed from the notion of the natives being â€Å"inhuman.† Conrad details this directly, and Hochschild alludes to it in the way the history of this exploitation has been erased from African history. In the end, it is apparent that Belgium and the other European colonial exploiters cannot look at their actions, as Kurtz does, and unflinchingly acknowledge them. It is easier to deny this dark legacy. Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. Ed. Stanley Appelbaum. New York: Dover, 1990. Hochschild, Adam. King Leopold’s Ghost. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1999. Research Papers on European Nationalism in AfricaMind TravelBringing Democracy to AfricaAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoCapital PunishmentThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite Religion19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

Free Essays on Holes And Number The Stars

I chose essay topic number three in comparing Number the Stars main character Annemarie Johansen and Holes main character Stanley Yelnat’s and taking a look at how both helped others and made a difference in some way. These two books are very different from one another, but demonstrate how a lead character is so important. In Number the Stars, Annemarie is a typical young girl (ten-years old) that deals with the difficulties of growing up- getting along with a sibling, understanding the way the adult world works. But these difficulties play out in a complicated and frightening way. Annemarie has been made very thoughtful and introspective due to the war. She spends much of her time reflecting on what she sees around her. In that respect, throughout the book Annemarie realizes to help save the lives of close friends and family she must risk her own. Annemarie strives to help out her best friend Ellen and her family along with many other Jews by taking a chance and helping the Jews escape to Sweden to be free. Annemarie does this by hiding many secrets from the Nazi’s throughout the book because she was taught from her family and Peter that this was the noble thing to do from the family point of view. She helps out Ellen and her family many times. Her first encounter came about when the Johansens received a late night visit from Peter Nielsen, a member of the resistance, who came to warn the Rosen’s that they must flee before the Nazi’s captured them and take them away. So Ellen is then left with Annemarie and her family to pose as a sister. Annmarie also attempts a secret operation of carrying an important package along with cheese and bread that was left behind to her uncle Henrik who at his boat smuggling Jews to Sweden. On her way, she is stopped by soldiers who torment her and search her basket and discover the package. But when they rip it open it contains only a handkerchief, and they let her go. Annemarie makes it to th... Free Essays on Holes And Number The Stars Free Essays on Holes And Number The Stars I chose essay topic number three in comparing Number the Stars main character Annemarie Johansen and Holes main character Stanley Yelnat’s and taking a look at how both helped others and made a difference in some way. These two books are very different from one another, but demonstrate how a lead character is so important. In Number the Stars, Annemarie is a typical young girl (ten-years old) that deals with the difficulties of growing up- getting along with a sibling, understanding the way the adult world works. But these difficulties play out in a complicated and frightening way. Annemarie has been made very thoughtful and introspective due to the war. She spends much of her time reflecting on what she sees around her. In that respect, throughout the book Annemarie realizes to help save the lives of close friends and family she must risk her own. Annemarie strives to help out her best friend Ellen and her family along with many other Jews by taking a chance and helping the Jews escape to Sweden to be free. Annemarie does this by hiding many secrets from the Nazi’s throughout the book because she was taught from her family and Peter that this was the noble thing to do from the family point of view. She helps out Ellen and her family many times. Her first encounter came about when the Johansens received a late night visit from Peter Nielsen, a member of the resistance, who came to warn the Rosen’s that they must flee before the Nazi’s captured them and take them away. So Ellen is then left with Annemarie and her family to pose as a sister. Annmarie also attempts a secret operation of carrying an important package along with cheese and bread that was left behind to her uncle Henrik who at his boat smuggling Jews to Sweden. On her way, she is stopped by soldiers who torment her and search her basket and discover the package. But when they rip it open it contains only a handkerchief, and they let her go. Annemarie makes it to th...

Learn How to Calculate Molarity of a Solution

Learn How to Calculate Molarity of a Solution Molarity is a unit of concentration, measuring the number of moles of a solute per liter of solution. The strategy for solving molarity problems is fairly simple. This outlines a straightforward method to calculate the  molarity of a solution. The key to calculating molarity is to remember the units of molarity (M): moles per liter. Find the molarity by calculating the number of moles of the solute dissolved in liters of a solution. Sample Molarity Calculation Calculate the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 23.7 grams of KMnO4 into enough water to make 750 mL of solution. This example has neither the moles nor liters needed to find molarity, so you must find the number of moles of the solute first. To convert grams to moles, the molar mass of the solute is needed, which can be found on  certain  periodic tables.​ Molar mass of K 39.1 gMolar mass of Mn 54.9 gMolar mass of O 16.0 gMolar mass of KMnO4 39.1 g 54.9 g (16.0 g x 4)Molar mass of KMnO4 158.0 g Use this number to convert grams to moles. moles of KMnO4 23.7 g KMnO4 x (1 mol KMnO4/158 grams KMnO4)moles of KMnO4 0.15 moles KMnO4 Now the liters of solution is needed. Keep in mind, this is the total volume of the solution, not the volume of solvent used to dissolve the solute. This example is prepared with enough water to make 750 mL of solution. Convert 750 mL to liters. Liters of solution mL of solution x (1 L/1000 mL)Liters of solution 750 mL x (1 L/1000 mL)Liters of solution 0.75 L This is enough to calculate the molarity. Molarity moles solute/Liter solutionMolarity 0.15 moles of KMnO4/0.75 L of solutionMolarity 0.20 M The molarity of this solution is 0.20 M (moles per liter). Quick Review How To Calculate Molarity To calculate molarity: Find the number of moles of solute dissolved in solution, Find the volume of solution in liters, andDivide moles solute by liters solution. Make certain to use the correct number of significant figures when reporting your answer. One easy way to track the number of significant digits is to write all your numbers in scientific notation.

Google experience in different country Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Google experience in different country - Essay Example Some countries, though, do not have preference to access it for different reasons, ranging from cultural heritage and leading technology. For instance, Google France, German and Japan contested Google’s applications including its ability to address censorship and prolific advertisements. Likewise, these countries contest the use of digitalise books from American universities, which are actually supported by the American culture. To counter unprecedented Google dominance in the global sphere, each country created their own search engine with appropriate government investment. In France, the Franco- Germen project Quaero ensued in 2005.Then, in 2007, the Germans decided to develop their own project, Theseus. Finally in Japan, the Grand Voyage Project was developed in 2005 in response to the needs of the local population. All projects contained more visual imagines to beat Google; however, these countries’ investments are not substantial when compare to Google’s fin ancial base. Google analysed the situation and put a lot of effort to adapt to the unique and sensitive cultural elements in order not to lose its global market share. The organization continues improving technology and invests in R&D centres around the world. Google learned from the past and evolving experiences with France, German and Japan that there is a strong need to adapt business practices in a host country to integrate values, norms and preferences imbibed in culture and to consider various government regulations. Introduction Google Inc., based in America, was created by two brilliant Stanford University PHD students Larry Page and Sergey Brin in 1998. Since then, Google has exhibited unprecedented growth by providing dozen of services and products, like fast and simple search engine, maps, web, communication and publishing, advertizing and many more. When Google used a Ranking system technology, the system not only looked for keywords, but also searched results based on t he popularities and numbers of other web sites that were linked to the page. Google launched its IPO in 2004 that offered a 23 billion value market. Today, Google is one of the biggest company in a country with a value market of about 200 billion. http://blogs.wsj.com/deals/2011/11/03/groupon-is-the-biggest-internet-ipo-since-google/ The money Google makes is from two main source ads (21 billion of revenue in 2008) and selling technology to other sites. When users look for some information in the Google website they can see organic result and advertisements (sponsored links). Through 2001 to November 2011, Google made about 105 acquisitions, including the video sharing service YouTube, and online advertising company,By 2000, Google became the world’s largest search engine with billion-page index where users could search information in 10 different languages. Remarkably today, they offer their applications in 150 languages and dialects. 1.Q. How does a search engine work and m ake money? The search engine of Google is a powerful tool. Google uses a special algorithm to generate search

Special Needs populations and their impacts on Parole and Probation Essay

Special Needs populations and their impacts on Parole and Probation Officers - Essay Example Studies show mixed results about the effectiveness of these programs; however, no one can deny the importance of these programs in the judicial system when the criminal activities have reached new levels. Juvenile rehabilitation programs are of major importance in special needs populations apart from other programs. The ever growing special needs population and the nature of their needs have affected the role of Parole and Probation officers. A shifting focus to the needs of special needs populations is not unique to Parole and Probation officers; special needs populations by their very nature have unique needs, and many government institutions are attempting to shift to cater to these needs more appropriately. The primary role of a Parole and Probation officer is obviously to monitor the rehabilitation of criminal offenders outside of a prison environment with an eye towards re-integration and reducing rates of repeat offenders. The increased complexity of the nature of crimes has caused the judicial system to initiate a diverse number of offender programs to address them. It has also extended the scope of the role and duties of parole and probation officers who are being assigned in charge to supervise the programs. To understand the ways special needs populations have changed the roles of Pa role and Probation officers, one must first understand key differences between those two roles. Probation officers are in place to supervise rehabilitation without the offender having been in prison at all for a crime – they are assigned probation as a replacement to prison, with the understanding that if they violate the terms of probation they will be sent to prison. Parole officers, on the other hand, deal with people who have been released from prison on parole after completing part of their sentence – the fact that they have been in prison makes addressing special needs populations, who often have a harder time dealing with correctional institutions,

Creditor Right System of Company Law Coursework

Creditor Right System of Company Law - Coursework Example Crystal to the company towards working capital must be registered with companies within a period of 21 days. â€Å"If a registrable charge is not registered in time, then it is void against the liquidator or administrator and any creditor of the company. This means that the debt for which the charge was given will remain payable, but it will be unsecured.† (Company charges, 2009, p.7). Thus, in this case, it is assumed that the charges on debentures and debts have been registered and, therefore, they need to be paid first before setting the claims of the unsecured creditors and the equity shareholders of the company. It is common knowledge that the corporate entity, Crystal Chandeliers Ltd, is a limited company and thus, except under exceptional circumstances, the shareholders, Ms.Crystal, and her sons would be liable only for the value of unpaid shares payable by them, or in other words, the shares which they hold. Crystal Chandeliers Ltd is a limited liability company the personal assets of the owners are usually protected from business creditors as a matter of law. Shareholders and LLC members have a kind of asset protection called limited personal liability under which it would be difficult to attach.  Normally unsecured creditors would rank the last after all preferential and secured creditors are paid off. But in the event, the charge on the assets are not registered with the Companies House within the prescribed time, it is possible that these would also rank only as unsecured creditors, along with other kinds of unsecured debt holders.  

Coca Colas Marketing Strategy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Coca Colas Marketing Strategy - Case Study Example The Coca Cola Company is one of the world’s leaders in soft dink sales. It produces and distributes several brands of beverage internationally. The company also manufactures and distributes many fruit juices and other non soda beverages. It is based in Atlanta, Georgia. Coca-Cola’s soft drinks include its flagship product Coca-Cola, popularly known as Coke, Diet Coke, Tab, Sprite, Fanta, Fresca, the Mello Yello, and Barq’s root beer. The company’s nonsoda beverages include Minute Maid fruit juices, PowerAde sports drinks, and Nestea iced tea drinks. (Microsoft Encarta, 2006)Â  Invented by a pharmacist named John Stith Pemberton in 1886 and was the later bought by Asa Candler in 1889 who incorporated the Coca Cola Company in 1892. Coca Cola currently offers nearly 400 brands in over hundreds of countries and territories all over the world. According to the 2005 Annual Report of the company, it sells beverage product in more than 312 countries. It further s tates that of the more than 90 billion beverage servings of all types consumed worldwide everyday and that approximately 4.5 billion of beverages owned and licensed to the company. Also, according to the 2007 Annual Report, Coca Cola had gallon sales of 37% in the United States, 43% in Mexico, Brazil, Japan and china and 20% spread throughout the world. (Wikipedia, 2008)Â  Like any other companies, Coca Cola has also been involved in a number of controversies, issues and lawsuits.... Throughout the paper, COCA COLA Company is used as the main focus and object of discussion. The company's marketing strategies and techniques will be reviewed and analyzed and will be use as examples and citations. The paper aims to answer questions such as how do Coca Cola's marketing strategies and techniques contribute to its growth and success What is the impact of marketing strategies in an organization on the 21st century and in future years 2.0 Coca Cola's Marketing Strategy: A Case Analysis 2.1 Company Background The Coca Cola Company is one of the world's leaders in soft dink sales. It produces and distributes several brands of beverage internationally. The company also manufactures and distributes many fruit juices and other non soda beverages. It is based in Atlanta, Georgia. Coca-Cola'ssoftdrinks include its flagship product Coca-Cola, popularly known as Coke, Diet Coke, Tab, Sprite, Fanta, Fresca, Mello Yello, and Barq's root beer. The company's nonsoda beverages include Minute Maid fruit juices, PowerAde sports drinks, and Nestea iced tea drinks. (Microsoft Encarta, 2006) Invented by a pharmacist named John Stith Pemberton in 1886 and was later bought by Asa Candler in 1889 who incorporated the Coca Cola Company in 1892. Coca Cola currently offers nearly 400 brands in over hundreds of countries and territories all over the world. According to the 2005 Annual Report of the company, it sells beverage product in more than 312 countries. It further states that of the more than 90 billion beverage servings of all types consumed worldwide everyday and that approximately 4.5 billion of beverages owned and licensed to the

Memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Memo - Essay Example You expressed interest in using our expertise to provide the information. I have come up with a few ideas for viable solutions that make use of our extensive intranet. The ideas include overviews of our security information for clients who access their account information as well. We want them to know that we value their information and work hard to keep it safe. The first idea is to provide links within our intranet, which divide specific information security issues into different categories, such as password protection, encryption, security questions and other. Each link provides specific information regarding the specified security topic. Each topic is designed to appear on the user screen in a â€Å"frames page† using a light colored background that is different from the main user screen. This frame, as a smaller portion of the main screen, will discuss the selected security issue using a common font, in a dark, yet easy to read color. For instance, our intranet main screen is a light blue background with navy blue, aerial font. The new frame selected from the screen might use a tan background with dark brown aerial or other easy to read font. My second idea is to provide an audio/video link, which, when selected, provides written and voice explanation simultaneously. News agencies use such methods to present stories online. Many retailers and corporations use video demos or video clips to describe products and processes. The multimedia method serves to keep viewer’s attention, while reinforcing the written explanation. Video can easily be adapted for use in conjunction with a power point style written presentation. As many of our newest employees are very multimedia savvy, I believe this method to be the most effective. We could even provide employees with a choice of the frames pages or audio/video presentation. I hope you see my suggestions

Challenges of orgnizational change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Challenges of orgnizational change - Essay Example Challenge in strategic organization change is one of the most common problems that face organization (Reiss, 2011, 54). This problem involves an organization that may require making several imperative changes in the course of its operations. Many organizations set goals prior to engaging in a particular activity and a time may come that the management may find it necessary to make some changes in the course of operations. A challenge that may come up regarding this is the fact that the organization may lack sufficient resources to accommodate for these changes. A challenge that may pose is on structural change. This challenge is most common with organizations that may decide to fire some of the most important managers due to poor performance (Zentes, 2013, 32). This works effectively in that the company gets to cut its weak links. However, finding a person to replace the retrenched person is difficult owing to varying qualifications and experience. Process oriented change is another difficult change that takes place in organizations (Pritts, 2007, 78). This challenge is mostly financial from the fact that a company may require to re-engineer the various processes that it engages. This is imperative for an organization that seeks to score a higher number of clients. However, the company may have the problem of understanding the points from which to begin changes in the processes as it may disrupt already running processes. People- centered challenge is the other organizational challenge that may come up (Paton, 2008, 56). This challenge normally involves the organization getting new employees for a particular activity or rather business venture that it seeks to engage. There may be challenges in the training of these individuals that might slow down the operations of the organization. Culture is another organizational change that exists and involves the organization adapting to a new market where people have a different culture as compared

Memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Memo - Essay Example You expressed interest in using our expertise to provide the information. I have come up with a few ideas for viable solutions that make use of our extensive intranet. The ideas include overviews of our security information for clients who access their account information as well. We want them to know that we value their information and work hard to keep it safe. The first idea is to provide links within our intranet, which divide specific information security issues into different categories, such as password protection, encryption, security questions and other. Each link provides specific information regarding the specified security topic. Each topic is designed to appear on the user screen in a â€Å"frames page† using a light colored background that is different from the main user screen. This frame, as a smaller portion of the main screen, will discuss the selected security issue using a common font, in a dark, yet easy to read color. For instance, our intranet main screen is a light blue background with navy blue, aerial font. The new frame selected from the screen might use a tan background with dark brown aerial or other easy to read font. My second idea is to provide an audio/video link, which, when selected, provides written and voice explanation simultaneously. News agencies use such methods to present stories online. Many retailers and corporations use video demos or video clips to describe products and processes. The multimedia method serves to keep viewer’s attention, while reinforcing the written explanation. Video can easily be adapted for use in conjunction with a power point style written presentation. As many of our newest employees are very multimedia savvy, I believe this method to be the most effective. We could even provide employees with a choice of the frames pages or audio/video presentation. I hope you see my suggestions

How history of PA related to union help turn the state into a Research Paper

How history of PA related to union help turn the state into a pro-union today - Research Paper Example In the late 19th century mass production methods spread throughout the country and strongly took hold in Pennsylvania. One of the major contributors to the focus of Pennsylvania as a town of considerable production was through the steel mills established by Andrew Carnegie. While Carnegie’s steel production was a great boon to the state’s economy it was also clear that increased employee unionization was necessary. In addition to the explosion of Carnegie Steel, the state was also one of the regions that participated in the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 (James 1989). This was a major event in American history and had tremendous implications, as protestors would burn Union Depot in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. With the complications caused by the steel industry and the Great Railroad Strike it was clear that unionization was necessary to ensure social cohesion. In this climate, 107 delegates from assorted Pennsylvania cities and regions gathered in Turner Hall in Pittsburgh to organize the Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions (FOTLU) (Livesay 1978). This organization would constitute the first major union in the state. While the FOTLU functioned efficiently for the needs of skilled workers, non-skilled workers increasingly objected to its narrow focus. The state’s current union structure continued until 1886 when a full-scale strike was called as a means of achieving an eight-hour workday. The strike failed considerably when violence began to occur when an individual placed a bomb at one of the union’s organizations. It was after this incident that the Pennsylvania union recognized that its current structure was inefficient and larger political officials recognized the current climate would cause future social unrest. As a response to these considerations the FOTLU would disband and merge with twelve other national unions. With an estimated 140,000 members the American Federation of Labor was formed (AFL). During the early yea rs of the 20th century there were a number of incidents that contributed considerably to Pennsylvania’s pro-union stance. One of the first such incidents occurred in 1909 with what came to be recognized as the Pressed Steel Car Strike of 1909 (‘Labor Legacy’). The largely immigrant workforce had been subjected to primitive working conditions which resulted in the subsequent strike. While this strike resulted in violence, it was only the precursor to the later Great Steel Strike of 1919 (James 1989). With workers experiencing poor job conditions the AFL organized a large-scale strike. Ultimately, the strike would fail as the workers lost public support, but in the long-term would contributed considerably to the state’s pro-union stance. The strike would fail and begin a fifteen-year period in Pennsylvania when the union lost considerable power and was unable to launch a significant action against employers. With the weakening of the unions, worker during th is period would increasingly see working conditions deteriorate. This would come to a climax during the Great Depression when employers attempt to institute even worse conditions on Pennsylvania residents. As a response to these measures, the unions would once against gain public support and unionization would result in significant gains being made against poor working conditions

Comparing Judaism and Islam Essay Example for Free

Comparing Judaism and Islam Essay Judaism and Islam are two of the worlds oldest, and largest monotheistic religions. These religions share a variety of customs, beliefs, and even practices. But at the same time, there are enough differences to make the two religions and cultures oppose each other greatly. Even some similarities between the two have been the source of conflict for thousands of years. Both the Jewish and Muslim faith believe in one God. Being monotheistic means just that, the belief in one God. This is the most obvious similarity between the two religions. In fact a Muslim is defined as anyone who says There is no God but God, and Mohammed is the messenger of God. and the basic creed of Judaism says Hear, O Israel! The Lord is our God, the Lord is one. Judaism and Islam both have Holy Books from which religious teachings are taken. The Muslim Holy Book is called the Quran, it is spelled in English in many different ways Koran, Kuran, this is because Arabic is hard to translate. The Quran is the word of God as reveled by the prophet Mohammed. The Jewish Holy Book is referred to as the Hebrew Bible. The first five books of the Hebrew Bible is called the Torah. This is the part of the bible lays out a system of moral and religious conduct. The Hebrew Bible was put together in the 1st century A.D. by rabbis and teachers of the Jewish text. The Hebrew Bible and the Quran both set up a system of law for the followers of the Jewish and Muslim faiths. The Hebrew Bible, the book of the Jewish faith sets up more of a code of conduct, a system of moral and religious conduct that is called the halavhah. This addresses how families should be run, personal ethics and manners, social responsibilities, and what people of the Jewish faith should and should not eat. Dietary guidelines are very important in the Jewish religion, everything that is eaten must be Kosher, meaning it is prepared a certain way. The Quran goes one step farther in setting boundaries for its believers. This book of the Muslim faith sets the rules for an Islamic state. Also there are strict rules on women, families, and daily life that are addressed in deep detail in the Quran. Polygamy is accepted in the Quran, a man may have no more that four wives. And women are actually supposed to be mostly equal to men, yet modest.  Equality of women is not always practiced in some Middle Eastern and Islamic countries. As with most religions Islam and Judaism have a variety of holidays. Some are to commemorate an event of the the past, some to celebrate a new year, or maybe the passing of a certain number of years. Ramadan, a holiday celebrated mostly by Sunni Muslims, happens during the ninth month of the Muslim year. This was the month when the Quran was reveled for the guidance of mankind. During this holy month Muslims fast and abstain from sex during the daylight hours. It is a very holy time and is taken very seriously. In the Jewish faith there is a similar holiday called Passover. This holiday lasts for seven days and commerates the deliverance of Israel from slavery. Passover more specifically refers to the evening when the angel of death passed over the houses of all in Egypt killing the first born of each home that did not have lambss blood around the door. During this holiday Jews are permitted only to ear unleavened bread called matzo during the daylight hours, much like the Ramadan fasting. Jews also hold feasts during the first two nights of this holiday. A house of worship is an important component of most religions in our world today. Islam has the Mosque, a place of prayer and teaching. Judaism has the Synagogue, also a place of prayer and teaching. In both these places people gather to perform the customs that are laid out in their religious scriptures. Unlike some religions in the world today both Judaism and Islam require their believers to pray multiple times a day. Jews pray three times a day, once in the morning, once in the noontime and once in the evening. Though this practice is more of a personal choice than the strict guidelines of prayer set in the Muslim religion. In the Quran there are five pillars of the Muslim faith: The first is profession of faith which basically means a Muslims must constantly and openly profess their faith. The second is prayer, which happens five times a day. The third is giving alms to the needy. The fourth is fasting during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan. And the fifth is the pilgrimage to Mecca. The second pillar of faith is the  practice similar to the Jewish practice. Five times a day Muslims must pray facing the holy city of Mecca. This however is a very strict prayer, maybe a bit different from the Jewish tradition, but still the same basic concept. Judaism is the oldest of the three major monotheistic religions. The religion began in the time of Abraham which would have been about 1900 B.C, over 3,000 years ago. In many ways this has made the Jewish religion and its followers very strong in their beliefs. Islam, on the other hand, was not founded until 570 A.D., some 2,000 years after the beginning of Judaism. Many Jewish believers will use this difference as an argument. They are the older of the two religions, and so they were the first people in the Holy Land (Israel/Palestine) and so they should be entitled to it and no one else. However, Abraham had two sons, Issac the leader of the Hebrew people and Ishmael, the leader of the Arab people. Though not all Muslims are Arab, the majority of the Muslims in Israel are Arab. So Muslims will use this argument by saying that Ishmael was the first son of Abraham and God told Abraham that He would take care of his first born, so the Muslims have just as much right to the area as the Jews, no matter who was there first. Though there are many similarities between Islam and Judaism, the few differences however large or small seem to greatly outweigh the amazing likenesses for the thousands of followers of both beliefs. These differences as well as the continuing argument over the promised land of Israel/Palestine continue today to escalate the war in the sacred area and drive a wedge even further between the two groups. The truly frightening part of all this is that Holy Wars are extremely hard to resolve. When two groups are fighting over land that was promised to them by a divine entity thats existence cant even be proven, there arent a whole lot of options for peace. All the world can do is educate themselves and try to accept the different religions and continue to look for some sort of compromise.

Toni Morrisons Sula - Character of Sula as a Rose Essay -- Sula Essay

The Character of Sula as a Rose Authors developed the canon in order to set a standard of literature that most people needed to have read or to have been familiar with. The works included in the canon used words such as beautiful, lovely, fair, and innocent to describe women. The canonical works also used conventional symbols to compare the women to flowers such as the rose and the lily. Thomas Campion depicts the typical description of women in his poem, "There is a Garden in Her Face." He describes the women by stating, "There is a garden in her face/ Where roses and white lilies grow,/ A heavenly paradise is that place,/ Wherein all pleasant fruits do flow" (1044-5). The roses and lilies are used to portray beautiful, frail women who are admired by all and placed high on a pedestal for all to adore. Going against the canon, Toni Morrison still uses flowers to describe the women in her novel Sula. The women Morrison describes are not fair, pure, or innocent. Sula, the main character compared to a rose, is not adm ired by all in society. Society looks down upon her because of her promiscuity and her carefree attitude. In Sula, Morrison depicts Sula as having a birthmark in the shape of a stemmed rose over one eye. Sula's birthmark "spread from the middle of the lid toward the eyebrow, shaped something like a stemmed-rose... [that] gave her other wise plain face a broken excitement" (52). At first, when Sula is young and inexperienced, the mark is the "same shade as her gold-flecked eyes" (53). The light shade of the mark represents the time before Sula goes to college and experiences men and her sexuality. When Sula returns from the outside world to the Bottom, Sula's best friend Nel notices that "[the mark] was dark... ...and does not need the approval of the Bottom. Toni Morrison clearly depicts an opposing view of the traditional symbolization of the rose. Although Sula is not frail and beautiful, she is still set on a pedestal. Instead of people admiring her, they fear her and the life she leads. The use her as an excuse to lead better lives. However, when she dies, the Bottom falls apart. The people no longer have a common bond of hatred towards Sula. Reality befalls the community with Sula's death. At first, the Bottom seems content with Sula's death, however, "[people of the Bottom] returned to a steeping resentment of the burdens of old people. Wives uncoddled their husbands; there seemed no further need to reinforce their vanity" (153-4). The town no longer has a rose to blame their mishaps. Instead, they must face up to their reality and their misfortune.

The Role of Computers in Our Future :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

The Role of Computers in Our Future As far as computers in the future, I feel that they are going to play a major role. They will be in everyday life, in everything we do. There will be many areas affected by the wide use of computers. Areas such as: home, work, schools, automobiles, electronics, and humans. Although these areas are already affected, they will be even more as we move into the future. To begin this discussion I will show you the effects on the work place and humans. As for humans in the work place, work will become easier. So this means less stress for humans because the computers will be doing all the work. This in turn means that humans will be doing less and less because the computers will be slowly taking over. As for a human going to work, this may only consist of telling a computer what to do all day. Or even from your own home, waking up and telling your computer what to do so you do not even have to go into work. Now for communication with computers, this may get so advanced that your computer may even ask you questions about the work it is doing and that you are getting paid to do. So this is where I see computers going as far as work and humans. Now for computers in the schools, I feel we will soon have no books and all work will be done on computers. Even homework will be done on the internet and e-mailed to the teacher. Children will be taught about computers at a younger and younger age. This in turn will make the younger generations more and more skilled in electronics and understanding how they work. This will have a very large impact on they way projects and or work is viewed. The next step is computers in the home. Computers will play a major role in homes. They will automatically pull the bread in to toast it with no lever. It will in turn tell you how your food is doing while it is cooking in the microwave and then tell you when it is done. Now to enter your own home you may only have to say â€Å"open door†. The computer will automatically scan your voice and unlock the door and let you in. So this is how I feel that computers will affect the home steed. The Role of Computers in Our Future :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers The Role of Computers in Our Future As far as computers in the future, I feel that they are going to play a major role. They will be in everyday life, in everything we do. There will be many areas affected by the wide use of computers. Areas such as: home, work, schools, automobiles, electronics, and humans. Although these areas are already affected, they will be even more as we move into the future. To begin this discussion I will show you the effects on the work place and humans. As for humans in the work place, work will become easier. So this means less stress for humans because the computers will be doing all the work. This in turn means that humans will be doing less and less because the computers will be slowly taking over. As for a human going to work, this may only consist of telling a computer what to do all day. Or even from your own home, waking up and telling your computer what to do so you do not even have to go into work. Now for communication with computers, this may get so advanced that your computer may even ask you questions about the work it is doing and that you are getting paid to do. So this is where I see computers going as far as work and humans. Now for computers in the schools, I feel we will soon have no books and all work will be done on computers. Even homework will be done on the internet and e-mailed to the teacher. Children will be taught about computers at a younger and younger age. This in turn will make the younger generations more and more skilled in electronics and understanding how they work. This will have a very large impact on they way projects and or work is viewed. The next step is computers in the home. Computers will play a major role in homes. They will automatically pull the bread in to toast it with no lever. It will in turn tell you how your food is doing while it is cooking in the microwave and then tell you when it is done. Now to enter your own home you may only have to say â€Å"open door†. The computer will automatically scan your voice and unlock the door and let you in. So this is how I feel that computers will affect the home steed.

Kawasaki Disease

Acknowledgement This case study would not be possible without the guidance and the help of several individuals who are in one way or another contributed and extended their valuable assistance in the preparation and completion of this study. My outmost gratitude to Ms. Maria Donna Duron, the school directress of St. Augustine School of Nursing Espana for her genuine sincerity and encouragement. To my adviser Ms. Cecilia J. Sarte for her patiently supervising and assisting us with their knowledge, as we gradually go through the process of doing the case study itself, sincerest thanks. To my clinical instructor Mr.Joey M. Cadano for all the help and valuable insight he had shared To my instructor Mr. Paolo M. Zabat and all the faculty staff for their moral support and untiring effort in encouraging us to finish our study. To my classmates and friends who gave their moral support and help all the way despite the busy schedules in preparing their own case study. To my family for supportin g me all the way, providing me with everything I need financially and emotionally. Last but not the least, to our Almighty Father for his unceasing guidance and blessings, for constantly giving me hope, courage and patience.Truly none of this is possible without you. ii Table of Contents TitlePage Number I. Acknowledgementii II. Objectiveiv III. Introduction a. Definition1 b. Incidence1 c. Etiology2 d. Manifestations and Complications2 IV. Anatomy and Physiology3 V. Pathophysiology6 VI. Patient’s Profile a. Biographical Data7 b. Chief Complaint7 c. History of Present Illness7 d. Medical History8 e. Family History8 VII. Laboratory Findings9 VIII. Physical Assessment11 IX. Nursing Care Plan15 X. Drug Study20 XI. Discharge Plan23 iii II. Objectives General:The objective of my case study is to develop and acquire understanding, skills, and knowledge about the disease, and health promotion to prevent further complication on the condition of the patient. Specific: Nurse Centered ? Assess the patient’s overall health status ? Impart necessary health teachings to the patient ? Perform appropriate nursing care in conjunction with the condition of the patient ? Widen and enhance the student nurses’ knowledge and skills through additional research about the nature of the disease, its signs and symptoms, its pathophysiology, its diagnosis and treatment.Patient Centered ? Know when to seek help from the health care providers whenever the signs and symptoms may appear ? Understand the occurrence of Kawasaki Disease ? Know what other complications may arise, if left untreated ? Gather information about the therapeutic regimen iv III. Introduction Definition Kawasaki Disease (mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome) is a form of vasculitis identified by an acute febrile illness with multiple systems affected. The cause is unknown, but autoimmunity, infection, and genetic predisposition are believed to be involved.It affects mostly children between ages 3 months and 8 years; 80% are younger than age 5. It occurs more commonly in Japanese children or those of Japanese decent. It has seasonal epidemics, usually in late winter and early spring. It was first described in 1967 by Dr. Tomisaku Kawasaki in Japan. Kawasaki Disease mainly affects the blood vessels, including coronary arteries. Blood vessels throughout the body get inflamed, and the most serious that could happen is on the heart. If left untreated after 10 days, children may have a higher risk to develop heart problems.Kawasaki Disease manifests in three phases: acute, subacute, and convalescent. The acute phase begins with the abrupt onset of high fever that is unresponsive to antibiotics and antipyretics. The child then develops the remaining diagnostic symptoms. During this stage the child is typically very irritable. The subacute phase begins with the resolution of the fever and lasts until all clinical signs of KD have disappeared. During this phase the child is at greatest ris k for the development of coronary artery aneurysms. Echocardiograms are used to monitor myocardial and coronary artery status.In the convalescent phase, all the clinical signs of KD have resolved, but the laboratory values have not returned to normal (6 to 8 weeks after onset). At the end of this stage the child has regained his or her usual temperament, energy and appetite. The cause of Kawasaki Disease is unknown, but it is thought to be immunologic abnormalities that include increased activation of helper T-cells and increased level of immune mediators and anti-bodies that destroy endothelial cells have been detected during the acute phase of the disease.It has been hypothesized that some unknown antigen, possibly a common infectious agent, triggers the immune response in a genetically predisposed child. Incidence Epidemics of Kawasaki disease primarily occur in the late winter and spring, at 2- to 3-year intervals. Approximately 3000 children with Kawasaki disease are hospitaliz ed annually in the United States. The approximate annual race-specific incidence per 100,000 children younger than 5 years is 32. 5 cases for Americans of Asian and Pacific Island descent, 16. 9 cases for non-Hispanic African Americans, 11. cases for Hispanics, and 9. 1 cases for whites. Although Kawasaki disease has been reported in children of all ethnic origins, it occurs most commonly in Asian children, especially those of Japanese descent. Rates are intermediate among blacks, Polynesians, and Filipinos and are lowest among whites. Manifestations and Complications Manifestations: ? Fever for at least 5 days ? Polymorphous rash ? Strawberry tongue ? Cervical lymphadenopathy Complications: ? Changes in the extremities ? Conjunctival infection ? Vasculitis IV. Anatomy and Physiology [pic]Cardiovascular System Knowing the functions of the cardiovascular system and the parts of the body that are part of it is critical in understanding the physiology of the human body. With its comple x pathways of veins, arteries, and capillaries, the cardiovascular system keeps life pumping through you. The heart, blood vessels, and blood help to transport vital nutrients throughout the body as well as remove metabolic waste. They also help to protect the body and regulate body temperature. The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.This system has three main functions: ? Transport  of nutrients, oxygen, and hormones to cells throughout the body and removal of metabolic wastes (carbon dioxide, nitrogenous wastes). ? Protection  of the body by white blood cells, antibodies, and complement proteins that circulate in the blood and defend the body against foreign microbes and toxins. Clotting mechanisms are also present that protect the body from blood loss after injuries. ? Regulation  of body temperature, fluid pH, and water content of cells. [pic] Lymphatic SystemAn important supplement to the cardiovascular system in helping to remove toxins from the body, the lymphatic system is also a crucial support of the immune system. Unlike blood, lymph only moves one way through your body, propelled by the action of nearby skeletal muscles. The lymph is pushed into the bloodstream for elimination. Appreciating the importance of the lymphatic system in filtering, recycling, and producing blood as well as filtering lymph, collecting excess fluids, and absorbing fat-soluble materials is necessary to the understanding of human physiology.The lymphatic system consists of lymphatic vessels, a fluid called  lymph,  lymph nodes, the thymus, and the spleen. This system supplements and extends the cardiovascular system in the following ways: ? The lymphatic system collects excess fluids and plasma proteins from surrounding tissues (interstitial fluids) and returns them to the blood circulation. Because lymphatic capillaries are more porous than blood capillaries, they are able to collect fluids, plasma proteins, and blood cells that have escaped from the blood.Within lymphatic vessels, this collected material forms a usually colorless fluid called lymph, which is transported to the right and left subclavian veins of the circulatory system. ? The lymphatic system absorbs lipids and fat-soluble materials from the digestive tract. ? The lymphatic system filters the lymph by destroying pathogens, inactivating toxins, and removing particulate matter. Lymph nodes, small bodies interspersed along lymphatic vessels, act as cleaning filters and as immune response centers that defend against infection. V.Pathophysiology VI. Patient’s Profile Biographical Data Name: S. T. Age: 3 years old Gender:Male Address:Quezon City Birth date: January 14, 2010 Religion: Catholic Nationality:Filipino Informant: â€Å"Mother† Date of Admission:February 17, 2013 Admission Data Chief Complaint: â€Å"High Fever† Initial Diagnosis: Urinary Tract Infection Final Diagnosis: Kawasaki Disease Attending Physician: Dr. K. D . History of Present illness Patient’s present condition started 5 days prior to admission when patient have fever at 38. 5 °C associated with rash from face to neck.The patient was brought to Capitol Medical Center and diagnosed with UTI due to bacteria present in his urine. He was given paracetamol and antibiotics for the treatment. They allowed to go home. 4 days PTA, still with fever documented at 39. 5 °C and rash. Swelling of face and lips are cracked. The mother noticed short, quick breathing. The patient was brought again to the hospital, strawberry tongue is noted upon physical examination. The patient was referred to Infectious Disease (ID) Specialist and confirmed having Kawasaki Disease upon conformatory and other laboratory finding.Past Health History Patient’s mother verbalized that all needed immunizations since birth has been done to the patient. The patient has only experience stomach pain and minor health problems such as occasional cough, cold, a nd mild fever. Family History | |Mother |Father | |Hypertension |- |+ | |PTB – |- | |Cancer |- |- | |Allergies |- |- | VII. Laboratory Findings Urinalysis Report |Normal |Actual |Interpretations |Implication | |Color |Light or Pale yellow |Light Yellow |Normal |indicates good hydration and | | | | | |urine concen | | | | | |tration | |Character |Clear |Slightly Turbid |Abnormal |increase fluid intake | |Glucose |(-) |(-) |Normal |well hydrated | |Reaction |4. 6-8ph |6. ph |Normal |there is normal hydrogen ion | | | | | |concentration and extracellular| | | | | |fluid | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Specific Gravity |1. 010-1. 025 |1. 010 |Normal |the concentrating ability of | | | | |the kidney is normal | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |PUS cell |0 |5-8 |Abnormal |indicates possible urinary | | | | | |tract infection | | | | | |Administer antibiotic as | | | | | |ordered | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Squamous |(-) |Few |Abnormal |increase fluid intake | | | | | | | |Bacteria |(-) |Few |Abnormal |increase fluid intake | | | | | |increase intake of Vitamin C | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Hematology Report Laboratory/ Diagnostic |Results |Normal Values |Interpretation |Implication | |Procedures | | | | | |Hemoglobin |106 g/L |130-180 |decrease |Decresed hemoglobin leads | | | | | |to symptoms of anemia | |Hematocrit |0. 32 % |0. 40-0. 54 |decrease |Decreased hematocrit leads| | | | | |to symptoms of anemia | |WBC Count |20. 07 |5. 0-10. |increase |Increased WBC was due to | | | | | |presence of infection | |Coagulation Profile | | | | | |Platelet Count |605 |150-450 |increase |Increased PLT points to | | | | | |abnormal conditions of | | | | | |excess clotting | |Differential Count | | | | | |Neutrophil |65 % |50-70 % |normal |Within normal condition | |Lymphocytes |45 % |25-35 % |increase |Will lead to signs of | | | | | |viral infection | |Eosinophil |1 % |1-5 % |normal |Within normal condition | VIII. Physical Assessment |A REA/ REGION |METHOD USED |NORMAL FINDINGS |ACTUAL |INTERPRETATION/ ANALYSIS | | | | |FINDINGS | | | | | | | | |General Appearance | |>Temp: 36. 5-37. 2 °C |> Temp: 39. 5 °C |Not normal.All this symptoms are | | | | | |present due to hyperthermia with | | | |>Resp. Rate: 20-30 cpm | |manifestations of increased respiratory| | |Inspection | |> Resp. Rate: 35cpm |rate and cardiac rate. Fundamentals of | | | |>Pulse Rate: 80-130 cpm | |Nursing, Kozier & Erbs 8th Edition, | | | | |> Pulse Rate: |pp. 529. | |Auscultation |> No Pallor |140bpm | | | | | | | | | | |> Without signs of fatigue |> Pallor | | | |Inspection | | | | | | |> No edema |> Fatigue | | | | | | |Accumulation of fluid in the | | | | | |extremities because of prolong staying | | | | |> Bipedal non- pitting edema |in bed, and excessive accumulation of | | |Palpation | | |fluid in the third spaces, edema | | | | | |developed. Fundamentals of Nursing, | | | | | |Kozier & Erbs 8th Edition, pp. 579. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Not normal due to excessive | | | | | |accumulation of fluid in the third | | | | | |spaces, edema developed.Fundamentals | | | |> No edema | |of Nursing, Kozier & Erbs 8th Edition, | | | | | |pp. 579. | | | | |> With non- pitting edema | | |Skin | | | | | | |Palpation | | | | | | | | |Not normal.Temperature exceeds the | | | | | |normal temperature because of the | | | | | |presence of infection that causes the | | | | | |skin to be warm. | | | | | | | | | | | |Not normal.A skin lesion is an | | | |> Skin is mildly warm to | |alteration in a client’s normal skin | | | |touch |> Warm to touch |appearance. Fundamentals of Nursing, | | | | | |Kozier & Erbs 8th Edition, pp. 576. | | | | | | | | | | | |Not normal. Poor capillary refill | | | | | |results in poor oxygenation. | | | | | | | | |> Without peeling, must be | | | | | |soft and smooth |> Peeling (desquamation) palms |Not normal because there is increase | | | | |and soles |inflammation of the blood vessels | | | | | |causing it to be red in color. | |Inspection | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |> Capillary refill is less | | | | | |than 3 seconds |> With a capillary refill of 5 | | | | | seconds | | | | | | |Normal | | | |> No infection, swelling and| | | | |Palpation |moist lips | | | | | | |> Red mucous membranes in the | | | | | |mouth |Normal | | | | | | | |Mouth | | |> Dry lips | | | |Inspection | | | | | | | |> Cracked lips |Not normal due to infection. | | | | | |Fundamentals of Nursing, Kozier & Erbs | | | | |> Strawberry tongue noted |8th Edition, pp. 607 | | | |> Reactive/ responsive to | | | | | |noises |> Reacts to loud noises |Not normal.Use of accessory muscle | | | | | |(abdominal muscle, trapezius muscle, | | | |> Symmetrical and patent | |and sternocleidomastoid muscle) and | | | | |> Symmetrical and patent |increased RR signifies fatigue and | | | | | |hyperthermia. | |Ears | |> Not palpable | |Fundamentals of Nursing, Kozier & Erbs | | | | |> Enlarged, palpable |8th Edition, pp. 548. | | | | | | | | | | | | |Nose | | | | | | |Inspection |> Breath sounds are resonant|>Breath sounds are resonant | | | | | | | | | | | |> Thorax is rounded | | |Lymph Nodes | |> thorax is rounded | | | | |Inspection | | | | | |Palpation |>normal RR 20-30cpm, |> RR 35cpm |> Not normal due to inflammation of the| | | | | |skin lesions | | | |> normal PR 80-130bpm | | | |Chest, Thorax and Lungs | | |>HR 140bpm | | | |Percussion |> no use of accessory | | | | | |muscles in breathing. | | | | | | |> Use of accessory muscle | | | |Inspection | |(abdominal muscle, trapezius | | | | | |muscle, and sternocleidomastoid |> Not normal due to process of the | | | |> Unblemished skin |muscle) |disease and infection.Weakness is due | | |Palpation | | |to lack of energy needed to do normal | | | |> No tenderness; relaxed |> Presence of rash |activities. | | | |abdomen with smooth, | | | | | |consistent tension | |Not normal. Pain was caused by the | | | | |> Tenderness and |presenc e of bacteria in the urine. | | |> No restriction in |hypersensitivity | | | |Inspection |activities, no weakness and | | | | |Auscultation |alert | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |> Inability to tolerate | | |Abdomen | |> There should no pain felt |activities, weak in appearance, | | | | |when voiding |irritable and lethargic | | | |Inspection | | | | | |> Protein is not evident in | | | | | |the urine | | | | |Palpation | |> With difficulty in urination. | | | | | |Color of the urine is yellow | | | | |> Normal urine output is | |Not normal.This is also caused by | | | |500-1000cc/day or equivalent| |accumulation of excessive fluid in the | |Musculoskeletal and | |to 20-25cc hr | |body | |neurolo- | | | | | |gical status |Inspection | | | | | | |> There should no edema, | | | | | |tenderness, or swelling | | | | | |present | | | | | | | |. |Genitourinary | | | | | | | | | | | | |Inspection | | | | | | | | | | | | | > Non-pitting edema on both feet| | | | | |noted | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Lower Extremities | | | | | | | | | | | | |Inspection Palpation | | | | IX. Nursing Care Plan X. Drug Study XI. Discharge Plan Medication Patient is given discharge maintenance drug for 2 weeks of 120 mg of aspirin every day or 30 mg QID. Exercise/ Activity The patient can resume his usual activities as soon his condition become normal. There is no restriction with regard to physical activities as long as it is tolerable to the patient’s health status. Treatment Allow the child to rest for faster recovery. Since the patient is taking anti-platelet medications, precautionary measures are discussed to avoid bleeding tendency.The patient is instructed to return to his attending physician within one week after date discharge for a follow up consultation. He is also required to have CBC, platelet count and ESR during that visit. Health Teaching Good hygiene is encouraged. Soft toothbrush are recommended. Petroleum jelly can be applied to dry cracked lips. Use mild soap in cleaning the skin and a mild lotion can be applied to protect skin from drying and peeling. Instill artificial tears to sooth conjunctiva as instructed. Outpatient Orders Remind the family on their follow-up check-up with their physician. Maintain good and safe environment to evaluate the progress of the treatment.Diet Soft or pureed diet is advised when the child’s oral mucosa is still inflamed. Cool liquids like ice chips and ice pops can also be offered. Diet will return to usual when the child is able to tolerate it. Provide high protein diet to promote faster recover. Increase fluid intake to prevent dehydration. A Case Presentation of Kawasaki Disease In Partial Fulfilment of the requirement in Maternal and Child Nursing II A Compilation Presented to: St. Augustine School of Nursing Espana, Manila Presented By: Julie Anne G. Lumbera PN-4A Ms. Cecilia J. Sarte MCN II In structor and Adviser Mr. Joey M. Cadano Clinical Instructor KAWASAKI DISEASE [pic]